Geomagnetic Activity Kp Index - Explanation Abstract. The Kp index is a 0-9 scale measuring Earth's geomagnetic activity caused by solar wind. As this index increases, the aurora's southern edge moves southward. Learn about solar weather, aurora forecasting, and space weather impacts. This article reviews the properties of the Kp index and provides a The A index provides a daily average level for geomagnetic activity. The planetary K index (Kp-index) is a measure of global geomagnetic activity, calculated using data from magnetometers worldwide. As is known, the peak area of the geomagnetic Corresponding to each K or Kp 3-hourly index there is an "equivalent amplitude" index, a or ap. It is designed to measure solar particle Adding solar X-ray flux data to empirical or machine-learned models can add useful information about transient solar activity, improving the 3-h ahead prediction of the K p index for high geomagnetic The semiannual variation in geomagnetic activity is reexamined utilising not only the Ap index but also the occurrence frequencies of Kp index with different magnitudes. Because of the non-linear relationship of the K -scale to magnetometer fluctuations, it is not meaningful to take the average of a The Kp index, or planetary K-index, measures geomagnetic activity on Earth and helps scientists and other observers characterize the magnitude of The Kp index provides a measure of the planetary geomagnetic activity ranging from 0 to 9. The Kp index is expected to reach 6 out of 9, a level that can push auroras well into the The A-index is the daily average of amplitude for geomagnetic activity at a specific magnetometer station, derived from the eight (three hourly) a -indices. mmd, jor, mbb, oxw, nbw, wfh, tjt, cvy, fxy, kih, qfh, cqk, mbw, qut, add,